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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

$In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries$

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Controlling Jahn-Teller Distortion through Mn Slab Localization for Stable High-Voltage Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Yameng Fan^1,2, Haobo Li³, Xiaobo Zheng⁴

¹Centre for Atomaterials and Nanomanufacturing (CAN), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.

|December 31, 2025

Summary

Localized Jahn-Teller active Mn³⁺ ions in Mn-rich layered oxides stabilize sodium-ion battery cathodes. This engineered material, NCM316, shows enhanced cycling stability and high energy density, overcoming structural degradation issues.

Keywords:

Jahn−Teller distortion cathode material layered oxide sodium-ion battery structural evolution

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Published on: March 7, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

Mn-rich layered oxides are promising for sodium-ion batteries due to capacity, abundance, and cost.
Jahn-Teller effect from Mn³⁺ causes lattice distortion, degrading structure and stability.
Stabilizing these materials is crucial for practical sodium-ion battery applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To suppress Jahn-Teller induced distortion in Mn-rich layered oxides.
To enhance the structural integrity and electrochemical performance of these cathode materials.
To propose a design principle for stabilizing Jahn-Teller active materials.

Main Methods:

Spatially localizing Jahn-Teller active Mn³⁺ ions within confined Mn-rich slabs.
Synthesizing and characterizing the engineered oxide NaNi_0.3Cu_0.1Mn_0.6O₂ (NCM316).
Utilizing synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering, supported by theoretical simulations.

Main Results:

NCM316 demonstrated suppressed long-range distortion and stabilized layered framework.
Achieved 89.5% voltage retention after 200 cycles and 84% capacity retention after 500 cycles.
Delivered a high discharge voltage of 3.36 V and energy density of 337 Wh kg^-1 at 4.4 V cutoff.

Conclusions:

Localized Mn³⁺ effectively mitigates Jahn-Teller distortion and maintains structural integrity.
NCM316 exhibits superior electrochemical performance compared to other Mn-based layered cathodes.
The proposed design principle is applicable to various Jahn-Teller active materials for energy storage.