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Related Concept Videos

Redox Equilibria: Overview01:23

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A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
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Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
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Electrochemistry is the science involved in the interconversion of electrical and chemical reactions. Such reactions are called reduction-oxidation, or redox reactions. These important reactions are defined by changes in oxidation states for one or more reactant elements and include a subset of reactions involving the transfer of electrons between reactant species. Electrochemistry as a field has evolved to yield sufficient insights on the fundamental principles of redox chemistry and multiple...
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Sustainable water oxidation enabled by a complex-doped cobalt oxide electrode.

Hongsheng Wang1, Jia Lei1, Jiashun Wu2

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|December 31, 2025
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Sustainable water oxidation is improved by doping LiCoO2 with Ni, Fe, and Pd. This complex doping strategy enhances catalyst stability and performance, outperforming benchmarks in water splitting applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Energy

Background:

  • Cobalt-based electrocatalysts for water oxidation face stability challenges due to in-situ restructuring into disordered (oxy)hydroxides.
  • This restructuring degrades structural integrity and electronic conductivity, limiting catalytic performance and lifespan.
  • Developing stable and efficient electrocatalysts is crucial for sustainable water splitting technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To stabilize LiCoO2, a cobalt oxide derived from spent lithium-ion batteries, for enhanced water oxidation.
  • To investigate the effect of complex doping with Ni, Fe, and Pd on the structural and electrochemical properties of LiCoO2.
  • To improve the catalytic activity, stability, and mechanical robustness of cobalt-based electrocatalysts for water oxidation.

Main Methods:

  • Co-doping LiCoO2 with varying concentrations of Ni, Fe, and Pd.
  • Electrochemical characterization including water oxidation activity and stability tests.
  • Membrane electrolyzer tests to evaluate performance against benchmark catalysts like RuO2.

Main Results:

  • Co-doping LiCoO2 with Ni, Fe, and Pd mitigated in-situ spinel phase reconstruction and enhanced electrochemical stability.
  • Optimized LiCo0.79Ni0.1Fe0.1Pd0.01O2 demonstrated over 2000 hours of water oxidation stability.
  • In membrane electrolyzer tests, LiCo0.79Ni0.1Fe0.1Pd0.01O2 achieved 2.5 A cm-2 at 1.58 V with over 1400 hours of stability, outperforming RuO2.

Conclusions:

  • Complex doping of LiCoO2 with Ni, Fe, and Pd is an effective strategy to enhance its stability and performance for sustainable water oxidation.
  • The dopants improve conductivity, facilitate gas removal, and boost mechanical robustness, addressing key limitations of cobalt-based catalysts.
  • This research provides valuable insights for designing robust and efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting, utilizing recycled battery materials.