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Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the simplified Chinese version of the functional assessment scale for
Yu-Jie Wu1, Ning Liu2, Qiang Zheng3
1Department of Nursing, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Shanxi, China.
Background:
The Functional Assessment Scale for Acute Hamstring Injuries (FASH) Questionnaire is a tool to assess the severity of symptoms and their impact on function and sports ability in patients with acute hamstring injuries. The study was to cross-culturally adapt and psychometrically validate a Simplified Chinese version of the FASH (SC-FASH).
Methods:
Cross-cultural adaptation was performed in accordance with the internationally recognised guidelines of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Outcome Committee. The FASH is a 10-item questionnaire. The sample size should be 5 to 10 times the total number of items on the scale. 150 participants with acute hamstring injuries were included in this study. Cronbach's α and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess reliability, and correlations between the SC-FASH and the Exercise-Induced Leg Pain Questionnaire (EILP), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) were used to assess construct validity.
Results:
Between February and May 2025, 150 literate native Chinese speakers with hamstring injuries were recruited for a study. All the 10 items had an answer rate of 100%. The FASH was successfully adapted and translated into Simplified Chinese. Each item was appropriately correlated with the total items. Good reliabilities were observed in SC-FASH, evidenced by Cronbach's alpha of 0.88, an ICC 0.97 (95% CI, 0.96-0.98). The elimination of any one item did not result in a Cronbach's α < 0.80. Standard Error of the Mean (SEM) was 4.41. Good correlations were observed with EILP (0.68, p < 0.01), VAS (-0.62, p < 0.01), and physical function of SF-36 (0.62, p < 0.01). Moderate correlations were observed with role physical (0.46, p < 0.01), bodily pain (0.50, p < 0.01), and general health (0.44, p < 0.01). Fair to poor correlations were observed with vitality, social function, role emotional, and mental health domains of SF-36.
Conclusion:
SC-FASH is recommended to evaluate the severity of hamstring muscle injuries and their impact on physical function and sports ability in Mainland China due to its good reliability, and validity.
