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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow...
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Concrete's susceptibility to water absorption is due to the capillary action within the pores of its hydrated cement paste. This action draws water in, creating the need for waterproofing admixtures to prevent such penetration. The efficacy of these admixtures is contingent upon the water pressure, with variations arising from different conditions such as rain, capillary rise, or hydrostatic pressure in structures intended to hold water.
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Highly Stable, Functional Hairy Nanoparticles and Biopolymers from Wood Fibers: Towards Sustainable Nanotechnology
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Cellulose Nanocrystals-Stabilized Bio-Based Waterborne Polyhydroxyurethane Nanocomposites with Enhanced Adhesive

Hsin-Chen Chen1,2, Gilles Sèbe2, Thomas Vidil2

  • 1Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.

ACS Applied Polymer Materials
|January 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces sustainable, high-performance adhesives using bio-based polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). This green chemistry approach enhances adhesive strength without hazardous chemicals or surfactants.

Keywords:
cellulose nanocrystalslap-shear strengthpressure-sensitive adhesivessuspension polymerizationwaterborne polyhydroxyurethane

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Conventional polyurethanes (PUs) utilize hazardous isocyanates and solvent-based methods.
  • There is a growing demand for sustainable and high-performance adhesive materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop waterborne polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) using bio-based monomers and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs).
  • To investigate the potential of CNCs as stabilizers and reinforcing agents in PHU synthesis.
  • To evaluate the adhesive properties of the resulting PHU/CNC nanocomposites.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of waterborne PHUs via catalyst-free suspension polymerization using 1,6-hexanediol bis-(cyclic carbonate) and bio-based Priamine 1075.
  • Utilized pristine cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as sole stabilizers and reinforcing nanofillers.
  • Characterized the colloidal stability of emulsions and the distribution of CNCs in dried nanocomposites.

Main Results:

  • Stable monomer-in-water emulsions with high CNC loadings (up to ~17 wt%) were achieved.
  • CNCs localized at particle surfaces in latex, ensuring stability, and dispersed uniformly in dried nanocomposites.
  • Significant enhancements in probe tack adhesion strength (up to 680%) and lap-shear strength (up to 340%) were observed compared to conventional methods.

Conclusions:

  • Bio-based PHUs stabilized by CNCs offer a sustainable route to high-performance adhesives.
  • CNCs act as effective stabilizers and reinforcing agents, improving mechanical properties.
  • This approach aligns with green chemistry principles, reducing reliance on hazardous chemicals and petroleum-derived surfactants.