Occlusal Force Evaluation in Growing Patients With Posterior Crossbite: A Case-Control Study.

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Orthodontics
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Posterior crossbite is a common malocclusion affecting dental arch form and function.
• Understanding occlusal force patterns is crucial for diagnosing and managing orthodontic issues.
• Previous research has not fully elucidated the specific occlusal force characteristics in posterior crossbite patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify and compare occlusal force in patients with posterior crossbite versus those with normal occlusion.
• To investigate discrepancies in occlusal force between the crossbite and non-crossbite sides of the dental arch.

Main Methods:

• Occlusal force was measured using a dynamometer in 52 patients with posterior crossbite and 52 controls.
• Statistical analysis included the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney test to compare forces between sides and groups.
• A symmetry index was used to evaluate force discrepancies within the crossbite group.

Main Results:

• Patients with posterior crossbite demonstrated significantly greater occlusal force on the crossbite side compared to the contralateral side.
• The total occlusal force was found to be lower in the posterior crossbite group than in the control group.
• A notable asymmetry in occlusal force distribution was observed in the crossbite group.

Conclusions:

• Posterior crossbite is associated with altered occlusal force dynamics, characterized by increased force on the affected side.
• Reduced overall occlusal force in posterior crossbite patients suggests potential functional impairments.
• These findings underscore the importance of considering occlusal force assessment in the comprehensive management of posterior crossbite.