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Published on: July 21, 2014
Shear Bond Strength of Silane-Containing Universal Adhesives in Repairing Aged 3D-Printed Provisional Restorations
Wisarut Prawatvatchara1, Awutsadaporn Katheng2, Paweena Kongkon2
1Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, chula.ac.th.
Background:
The repairability of provisional restorative materials affects the duration of the provisional treatment phase. This study evaluated the effects of various silane (Si)-containing universal adhesives on the shear bond strength (SBS) of aged three-dimensional (3D)-printed provisional restorative materials.
Methods:
Seventy SBS specimens (20 mm diameter × 15 mm height) and 10 specimens for energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis (5 mm diameter × 3 mm height) were fabricated. All SBS specimens underwent thermocycling in artificial saliva at 5- 55 °C, with 60 s dwell time, using a thermocycler (SD Mechatronik, Germany). The SBS specimens were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10 per group) on the basis of the repair method: C group (control), S group (Single Bond 2), SU group (Scotchbond Universal), SUP group (Scotchbond Universal Plus), CUQ group (CLEARFIL TRI-S BOND Universal Quick), GPB group (G-Premio Bond), and Si + S group (Silane Ultradent + Single Bond 2). The SBS test was performed using a universal testing machine (Instron, ElectroPulsTM E1000, England). Failure modes were analyzed for all debonding surfaces. Data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD test (p < 0.05).
Results:
The highest SBS was observed in the Si + S group (21.06 ± 1.47 MPa), followed by SUP (19.43 ± 1.45 MPa), CUQ (16.14 ± 1.54 MPa), SU (15.71 ± 1.40 MPa), GPB (12.93 ± 1.56 MPa), S (12.59 ± 1.64 MPa), and C (8.20 ± 1.49 MPa). However, no significant difference in the SBS was observed between the Si + S and SUP groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference in SBS between S and GPB. Failure mode analysis revealed a correlation between the type of failure pattern and the SBS results.
Conclusion:
The SUP group, a silane-containing universal adhesive, demonstrated high SBS comparable with the separate application of Si, suggesting it as a viable alternative in provisional material repair.
