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Updated: Jan 7, 2026
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Construction and Characterization of a Novel Vocal Fold Bioreactor
Published on: August 1, 2014
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Management of Vocal Fold Leukoplakia
Isabela H Schettini1,2, Thomas L Carroll1,2
1Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA.
World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|January 1, 2026
Summary
Vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL), a white plaque on the vocal folds, requires accurate diagnosis due to potential malignancy. Key risk factors include tobacco, alcohol, and reflux, necessitating biopsy for management.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Pathology
- Oncology
Background:
- Vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL) presents as white plaques on the true vocal folds (TVF), affecting males more than females.
- VFL diagnosis is critical due to its potential premalignant nature and diverse differential diagnoses.
- Symptoms commonly include hoarseness and vocal strain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diagnosis, risk factors, and management of vocal fold leukoplakia.
- To emphasize the importance of pathological diagnosis for VFL.
- To discuss the differential diagnoses and treatment options for VFL.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of VFL epidemiology, etiology, and clinical presentation.
- Discussion of diagnostic tools including laryngoscopy and videochromoendoscopy.
- Emphasis on biopsy for pathological diagnosis and WHO classification.
Main Results:
- VFL incidence is higher in males (10.2/100,000) than females (2.1/100,000).
- Primary risk factors include tobacco, alcohol, and laryngopharyngeal reflux.
- Differential diagnoses include candidiasis, ulcerative laryngitis, and lichen planus.
Conclusions:
- Accurate pathological diagnosis via biopsy is essential for managing VFL.
- Treatment modalities include cold knife surgery, KTP laser, or CO2 laser.
- Understanding risk factors and differential diagnoses aids in VFL patient management.
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