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Development and Validation of the Climate Change Anxiety Scale-Short Form.

Maria Mirandi1, Giorgio Ghizzoni1, Carlo Garofalo1

  • 1University of Perugia, Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education.

Clinical Neuropsychiatry
|January 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Italian Climate Change Anxiety Scale short form (CCAS-SF) is a valid and reliable tool for assessing climate change anxiety in emerging adults. This brief scale is useful for research and clinical settings.

Keywords:
climate change anxietydepressionemerging adultsgeneral anxiety disordermeasurement invariancepsychometric properties

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Environmental Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Climate change anxiety is a growing concern among emerging adults.
  • Existing scales may be lengthy, posing challenges for research and clinical use.
  • The Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS) has been adapted into a short form (CCAS-SF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide preliminary validity evidence for the 8-item CCAS-SF in Italian emerging adults.
  • To evaluate the factor structure, measurement invariance across sex, and construct validity of the CCAS-SF.
  • To establish the CCAS-SF as a brief, reliable tool for assessing climate change anxiety.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 891 Italian emerging adults (ages 19-29) participated.
  • Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess the factor structure.
  • Measurement invariance across sex and construct validity (correlations with anxiety/depression) were examined.

Main Results:

  • The CCAS-SF demonstrated a two-factor structure: cognitive-emotional and functional impairment.
  • Measurement invariance across sex was confirmed.
  • Internal consistency was good, and both subscales correlated positively with anxiety and depression symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • The Italian CCAS-SF is a brief, valid, and reliable instrument.
  • It is suitable for assessing climate change anxiety in emerging adults.
  • The scale is valuable for time-constrained research and clinical practice.