Identifying and Evaluating Predictors of Well-Being Among Nurses Working in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nurses face numerous challenges in clinical settings that can negatively affect their well-being. Little is known about bedside nurses' well-being in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study explored the well-being of nurses working in Saudi Arabia and identified the contributing factors.

This was a cross-sectional study that utilized convenience sampling. Data were collected from 550 nurses working in the Saudi healthcare sector. The Nurse Well-Being Index was utilized to measure the well-being. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and logistic regression.

The findings showed that 74.2% of nurses were at an increased risk of poor well-being, with frontline nurses facing a further increased risk of poor well-being (83%). Results showed significant associations between nurses' well-being and level of education (p = 0.002), workplace (p < 0.001), practice setting (p < 0.001), working region (p < 0.001), bed capacity (p = 0.017), quality of nursing care (p < 0.001), and job satisfaction (p < 0.001). The regression analysis revealed that nurses' well-being was significantly influenced by years of experience (OR = 0.881, p = 0.027), working region-western region (OR = 2.720, p = 0.031), practice setting-critical care and medical-surgical (OR = 7.492, p < 0.001; OR = 3.222, p = 0.047, respectively), and quality of nursing care (OR = 4.639, p = 0.003).

This study revealed that most nurses were at an increased risk of poor well-being. It also provided insights into various individual, organizational, and job-related factors that contribute to well-being. Future studies are needed to identify different aspects of nurses' well-being to develop strategies for improving their well-being and reduce burnout and other detrimental health outcomes.