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Diversity of Antigen Receptors

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Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...

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Method for Performing T Cell Receptor-Peptide-Human Leukocyte Antigen Co-complexation and Structural Analysis.

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Method for Producing Recombinant Soluble T-Cell Receptors.

You Min Ahn^1,2, Stephanie Gras^1,2,3, Demetra S M Chatzileontiadou^4,5,6

¹Infection and Immunity Program, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|January 1, 2026

Summary

This chapter details producing soluble T cell receptors (TCRs), crucial for understanding how T cells recognize peptide-Human Leukocyte Antigen (pHLA) complexes. This knowledge aids in studying immune responses and host defense mechanisms.

Keywords:

Bacterial expression Chromatography Inclusion Body Purification T cell receptor

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Structural Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

T cells are vital for adaptive immunity, identifying and eliminating pathogens.
T cell recognition relies on T cell receptors (TCRs) binding to peptide-Human Leukocyte Antigen (pHLA) complexes.
Understanding TCR-pHLA interactions is key to T cell activation and host defense.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the methodology for producing soluble T cell receptors (TCRs).
To facilitate structural and functional studies of TCR-pHLA interactions.
To advance the understanding of T cell-mediated immune responses.

Main Methods:

Production of soluble T cell receptors (TCRs).
Utilizing X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of TCR-pHLA complexes.
Purification and characterization of soluble TCR and pHLA proteins.

Main Results:

Established a method for generating soluble TCRs suitable for structural analysis.
Provided insights into the molecular interactions between TCRs and pHLA complexes.
The structural data illuminates the mechanism of T cell recognition.

Conclusions:

Soluble TCR production is feasible and essential for structural studies.
Detailed structural information on TCR-pHLA complexes enhances understanding of T cell activation.
This work supports further research into T cell immunology and therapeutic development.