A nasolabial cyst is It a rare cyst or not? case series of bilateral and unilateral patterns

Nasolabial cyst (NLC) is an extraosseous anterior maxillary cystic lesion located lateral to the midline. It is of epithelial, non-odontogenic origin and is considered a rare pathology. It has a controversial etiopathogenesis, which is still under debate. Commonly presenting as a slowly growing unilateral asymptomatic swelling of the alar region, it may obliterate both the nasolabial fold and maxillary labial sulcus, causing alar nasal elevation. Bilateral cases are rare. Facial asymmetry is the main complaint, prompting patients to seek treatment. Various imaging techniques, in addition to histopathological examination, can confirm the presence of the cyst. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice.

This case series outlines bilateral and unilateral NLC cases in which the patients sought medical care for painless facial swelling. Comprehensive diagnostic methods confirmed the diagnosis of an NLC. Surgical enucleation was performed, resulting in complete resolution of the lesions, with no signs of recurrence.

The represented cases illustrate a holistic description of the NLC features, diagnosis, and treatment, emphasizing the importance of understanding this cyst. Briefly reviewing the literature, they highlight the significance of reinvestigating the true prevalence of the NLC.