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Association between intrinsic capacity, changes in intrinsic capacity, and cardiometabolic multimorbidity: results

Ziyue Wang1,2, Lu Wang1, Lulu Tang1

  • 1Department of Nursing, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|January 2, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Intrinsic capacity (IC) decline is linked to higher cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) risk. Even with improved IC, risk persists, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to manage CMM in aging populations.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Intrinsic capacity (IC) is crucial for maintaining cardiometabolic health in older adults.
  • Declining IC is associated with increased risk of developing multiple chronic conditions.
  • Understanding the relationship between IC and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is vital for preventative health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between baseline IC, cumulative IC scores, and dynamic changes in IC with the risk of incident CMM.
  • To analyze how different levels of IC and its changes over time impact CMM development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from three large prospective cohort studies: CHARLS, ELSA, and HRS.
  • Employed Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models to assess risk trends and associations.
  • Included 11,916 eligible participants for the analysis.

Main Results:

  • Higher baseline IC reduction was associated with significantly increased CMM risk (HR=1.40).
  • Cumulative IC scores demonstrated a dose-response relationship with CMM risk, with substantial reductions (>1 SD) showing the highest risk (HR=1.61).
  • Dynamic changes in IC also predicted CMM risk; persistent impairment (HR=1.63) and even improvement (HR=1.28) carried higher risks than stable, intact IC.

Conclusions:

  • Both the level of intrinsic capacity and its changes over time are significant predictors of cardiometabolic multimorbidity risk.
  • Even individuals experiencing improvements in IC remain at a higher risk compared to those with consistently intact IC.
  • Developing precise strategies to mitigate IC decline and implementing individualized interventions are essential for effective CMM prevention and management.
Abstract

Keywords:
agingcardiometabolic multimorbiditydynamic changesintrinsic capacityprospective cohort study

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