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Unilateral Proptosis Mimicking an Eye Tumour: A Case Report
Ana Rita G Magalhães1, Ana M Carvalho1, Pedro Almeida1
1Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Chaves, PRT.
Cureus
|January 2, 2026
Summary
This case study highlights a rare instance of unilateral exophthalmos, or bulging eye, in a woman diagnosed with Graves' disease. The condition, typically causing bilateral symptoms, was confirmed through elevated thyroid receptor antibodies.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Ophthalmology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid gland.
- Graves' orbitopathy commonly presents with bilateral exophthalmos due to extraocular muscle inflammation.
- Unilateral exophthalmos is an atypical, though documented, presentation of Graves' orbitopathy.

