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Experimental coherent one-way quantum key distribution with simplicity and practical security.

Xiao-Yu Cao1,2, Xiao-Ran Sun1,2, Ming-Yang Li1,2

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We developed a secure Coherent one-way quantum key distribution (COW-QKD) protocol resistant to attacks. This system achieves high secure key rates over 100 km, enabling real-time secure communication for quantum networks.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Cryptography
  • Quantum Communication Networks

Background:

  • Coherent one-way quantum key distribution (COW-QKD) is a deployed technology.
  • Existing COW-QKD security is threatened by zero-error and coherent attacks.
  • Current experimental COW-QKD lacks proven security against coherent attacks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate an information-theoretically secure COW-QKD protocol.
  • To ensure the protocol resists source side-channel attacks.
  • To establish COW-QKD as a secure and simple option for quantum networks.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel COW-QKD protocol.
  • Experimental demonstration of the protocol's security and performance.
  • Testing secure transmission over 100 km of optical fiber.

Main Results:

  • The proposed COW-QKD protocol demonstrates information-theoretic security.
  • Secure transmission achieved over distances up to 100 kilometers.
  • Secure key rates of kilobits per second over 50 km demonstrated in the finite-size regime.
  • Successful encrypted transmission of a logo over 100 km.

Conclusions:

  • COW-QKD can be both simple and information-theoretically secure.
  • The protocol effectively resists source side-channel attacks.
  • This work establishes COW-QKD as a viable candidate for small-scale quantum networks.