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Supercooled Goldstone Bosons at the QCD Chiral Phase Transition
Adrien Florio1,2, Eduardo Grossi3, Aleksas Mazeliauskas4
1Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Physik, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
None:
We discuss a universal nonequilibrium enhancement of long-wavelength Goldstone bosons induced by quenches to the broken phase in Model G-the dynamical universality class of an O(4) antiferromagnet and the chiral phase transition in QCD. Scaling arguments for the coarsening dynamics describing the formation of the chiral condensate predict a parametric enhancement in the infrared spectra of Goldstone bosons, a prediction confirmed by stochastic simulations of the transition. The details of the enhancement are determined by the nonlinear dynamics of a superfluid effective theory, which is a limit of Model G reflecting the broken O(4) symmetry. Our results translate to a parametric enhancement of low-momentum pions in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC, which are underpredicted in current hydrodynamic models without critical dynamics.
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