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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
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Gyrotropic Magnetic Effect in Metallic Chiral Magnets.

Nisarga Paul1,2, Takamori Park3, Jung Hoon Han4

  • 1Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

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|January 2, 2026
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This summary is machine-generated.

We investigated the gyrotropic magnetic effect (GME) in metals with chiral spin textures. This effect arises from electron magnetic moments and can probe magnetic chirality and symmetry breaking.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Optical gyrotropy describes how materials rotate polarized light.
  • Chiral spin textures in metals lack inversion symmetry, influencing electronic structure via Hund's coupling.
  • The gyrotropic magnetic effect (GME) is the low-frequency limit of optical gyrotropy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To study the GME in metals and semimetals coupled to chiral spin textures.
  • To analyze the manifestation of GME in single-q and multi-q textures.
  • To establish GME as a sensitive probe of magnetic chirality and symmetry breaking.

Main Methods:

  • Perturbation theory and numerical diagonalization of relativistic and nonrelativistic models.
  • Analysis of conduction electrons coupled to spin textures.
  • Derivation of analytical expressions for rotatory power using universal scaling functions.

Main Results:

  • Novel low-frequency optical activity arises from chiral spin textures.
  • Analytical expressions for rotatory power were derived.
  • Experimentally viable ranges for rotatory power were estimated using realistic material parameters.
  • GME originates from orbital and spin magnetic moments of conduction electrons.
  • Orbital contribution is significant in relativistic metals (tied to Berry curvature), while spin contribution can be significant in nonrelativistic metals with high Fermi energy.

Conclusions:

  • GME is a sensitive probe of magnetic chirality and symmetry breaking in metallic chiral magnets.
  • The interplay between orbital and spin magnetic moments dictates GME's behavior in different material types.
  • This study provides a theoretical framework and experimental viability for utilizing GME in spintronic applications.