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Moral Distress Among Family Caregivers: A Concept Analysis
Tharaa Ananzeh1, Caroline F Morrison1, Elaine L Miller1
1College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Journal of Advanced Nursing
|January 3, 2026
Summary
Family caregivers experience moral distress, characterized by negative emotions and conflict, impacting their well-being and care quality. This analysis defines moral distress, aiding future research and support interventions for these crucial caregivers.
Area of Science:
- Nursing
- Ethics
- Psychology
Background:
- Family caregivers face significant emotional and ethical challenges.
- Moral distress is an under-recognized issue impacting caregiver well-being and patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the concept of moral distress in family caregivers.
- Identify key attributes, antecedents, and consequences of moral distress.
Main Methods:
- Concept analysis using Walker and Avant's framework.
- Comprehensive literature search across PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO (2000-2025).
- Analysis of 12 selected articles.
Main Results:
- Defining attributes include negative emotions, internal conflict, and powerlessness.
- Antecedents involve caregiving burden, role conflict, and ethical dilemmas.
- Consequences include burnout, social withdrawal, and moral residue.
Conclusions:
- A clear conceptual definition of moral distress in family caregivers was established.
- Findings provide a foundation for developing research instruments and interventions.
- Recognizing and supporting family caregivers experiencing moral distress is crucial for improving care quality.
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