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Published on: February 23, 2014
Invasive pneumococcal disease before, during and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Irati Arregui García1, Iñaki Beguiristain1, Miguel Fernández-Huerta2
1Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence significantly decreased during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, affecting all age groups and serotypes. Post-pandemic, IPD rates returned to pre-pandemic levels, underscoring the disease
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly impacted public health globally.
- Understanding its effect on other infectious diseases, like invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze changes in IPD incidence before, during, and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Navarre, Spain.
- To compare IPD rates across different age groups and serotypes.
Main Methods:
- Active epidemiological surveillance was used to identify IPD cases from 2018 to 2024.
- Incidence rates were compared for three periods: pre-pandemic (2018-2019), pandemic (2020-2022), and post-pandemic (2023-2024).
Main Results:
- A total of 437 IPD cases were diagnosed. IPD incidence decreased from 11.6 to 5.6 cases per 100,000 persons during the pandemic.
- Incidence returned to 13.0 cases per 100,000 persons in the post-pandemic period, affecting all age groups and serotypes.
- Serotype 3 was most frequent; post-pandemic cases involved increasing proportions of serotypes covered by PCV-13, PCV-15, and PCV-20 vaccines.
Conclusions:
- The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to a decrease in IPD incidence across all age groups and serotypes.
- IPD incidence returned to pre-pandemic levels in the post-pandemic period.
- Whole-genome sequencing aided serotyping, complementing epidemiological surveillance for *S. pneumoniae*.
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