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Structural factors of disability and ageing: spatial patterns in Mexico
Rosa Estela García-Chanes1, Diego Terán-Paéz2, Jimena Vázquez Garcia3
1Medical Sciences, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico.
BMC Public Health
|January 4, 2026
Summary
Mexico
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Spatial Epidemiology
Background:
- Mexico faces rapid population aging, with significant regional disparities.
- Inequalities exacerbate health risks for older adults in rural and marginalized areas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the relationship between demographic aging, socioeconomic factors, health, and disability among older adults in Mexico.
- To identify structural and territorial determinants of healthy aging.
Main Methods:
- Developed a municipal composite aging index using census and mortality data.
- Applied spatial analysis techniques (Moran's I, LISA, GWR) to assess spatial patterns.
Main Results:
- Limited global correlation between aging and disability, but significant local clusters identified.
- Aging concentrated in northern/central Mexico; disability prevalent in the south/southeast.
- Lower education, social protection, and socioeconomic status linked to higher disability.
Conclusions:
- Aging and disability are spatially patterned, influenced by territorial inequalities.
- Regionally tailored public health and social policies are crucial for equitable aging in Mexico.
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