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Published on: January 7, 2019
Computationally guided amino acid-based deep eutectic solvents for one-pot nitrogen functionalization of lignin
Xiaoyu Li1, Simiao Huang2, Ruijie Wu3
1Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Fiber and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
Researchers designed novel amino acid-based deep eutectic solvents (AADES) for efficient lignin valorization. These solvents enable one-pot dissolution, modification, and fractionation of lignin, overcoming key processing challenges.
Area of Science:
- Green Chemistry
- Biomass Valorization
- Materials Science
Background:
- Lignin valorization is hindered by its complex structure, poor solubility, and low reactivity.
- Developing efficient and sustainable methods for lignin processing is crucial for biorefinery applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To rationally design amino acid-based deep eutectic solvents (AADES) for one-pot lignin dissolution, modification, and fractionation.
- To optimize a streamlined process for selective lignin fractionation and N-functionalization.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) for AADES design.
- Employed high-throughput screening to identify effective AADES.
- Developed a staged antisolvent precipitation process for lignin fractionation.
Main Results:
- Identified five effective AADES, with lysine-formic acid yielding >60% recovery of the secondary lignin fraction (LB).
- Achieved high nitrogen incorporation (2.66 wt%) into lignin while preserving its aromatic structure.
- Reduced lignin molecular weight and dispersity, increased phenolic hydroxyl groups, and enhanced thermal stability.
Conclusions:
- AADES provide a viable solvent strategy for scalable lignin valorization.
- The nucleophilic nature of AADES facilitates selective N-functionalization and suppresses lignin condensation.
- This approach offers a pathway to unlock the potential of lignin as a sustainable chemical feedstock.
