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Visible Light Protection Strategies for Diverse Populations.

Willem Izak Visser1, Aqeelah Amien2, Husna Moola2

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Visible light (VL) significantly impacts skin, especially in individuals with skin of colour and photosensitive conditions. Effective photoprotection requires a combined approach including physical barriers, tinted formulations, and antioxidants to mitigate VL-induced damage.

Keywords:
PhotodermatosesPhotoprotectionSkin of colourVisible light

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and photobiology
  • Skin optics and photoprotection

Background:

  • Visible light (VL), particularly high-energy visible light (HEVL) or blue light, causes skin erythema, pigmentation, and photoaging.
  • Individuals with skin of colour (SOC) and photosensitive dermatoses are more susceptible to VL effects.
  • VL interacts synergistically with UVA1, worsening hyperpigmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review VL interactions with skin, focusing on mechanisms and photoprotection strategies.
  • Emphasis on relevance for SOC populations and visible-light-sensitive dermatoses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar for studies on VL properties, biological effects, and photoprotection.
  • Reviewed sunscreens, pigments, novel filters, antioxidants, and behavioral approaches.

Main Results:

  • VL induces oxidative stress, melanogenesis, and extracellular matrix degradation.
  • Tinted sunscreens with iron oxides offer effective VL protection (80-97% HEVL reduction), improving melasma.
  • Novel filters and antioxidants show promise, while VL can worsen photodermatoses.

Conclusions:

  • VL is a significant factor in skin aging and pigmentation, with greater impact on SOC and photosensitive individuals.
  • Optimal photoprotection necessitates a multimodal strategy combining UV and VL protection.
  • Further research and standardized VL-protection labeling are crucial.