Human adipose stem cell-derived exosomes modulate the transcriptome of D-galactose-Induced neuronal cells

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Brain aging affects neurological function, increasing the need for therapies targeting neuroinflammation.
• Human adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cell (hASC)-derived exosomes show anti-inflammatory potential but their transcriptomic effects on neurons are unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the transcriptomic impact of hASC-exosomes on neuronal cells under aging conditions.
• To evaluate the efficacy of hASC-exosomes in mitigating age-related molecular changes and neuroinflammation.

Main Methods:

• In vitro aging model using D-galactose (DG)-treated mouse CNS CAD cells.
• Isolation and characterization of hASC-exosomes.
• High-throughput mRNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of gene expression profiles.

Main Results:

• DG treatment upregulated genes involved in DNA damage response, cellular senescence, and apoptosis.
• hASC-exosome treatment downregulated 1948 differentially expressed genes, suppressing stress-induced expression.
• Pathway analysis showed hASC-exosomes downregulated translation, neuroinflammation, senescence, and apoptosis pathways.

Conclusions:

• hASC-derived exosomes demonstrate a regulatory role in attenuating inflammatory and neurodegenerative markers.
• Transcriptomic evidence supports hASC-exosomes as potential antiaging neurotherapeutics for age-related neurodegeneration.