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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

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Visualizing and Quantifying Impact with Mechanochromic Sensing Paints Based on Self-Assembled Polydiacetylene-Silk

Marco Lo Presti1, Giulia Guidetti1, Elisabetta Ruggeri1

  • 1Silklab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|January 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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A new mechanochromic paint provides a simple way to detect and visualize impact forces. This paint changes color based on impact energy, offering a scalable alternative to electronic sensors for material stress monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Mechanical impact detection is crucial for material integrity and physiological monitoring.
  • Current methods using electronic sensors face challenges in integration, shaping, and scalability.
  • High-force impact detection (100-770 N) requires accurate and quantitative measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, visual alternative for detecting and quantifying mechanical impact.
  • To create a mechanochromic material for impact history tracking.
  • To demonstrate the utility of the developed paint across various material formats.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized self-assembly of polydiacetylene (PDA) and regenerated silk fibroin protein (SF) into core-shell vesicles.
Keywords:
core–shell vesiclesforce sensorimpact sensormechanochromic sensorspolydiacetyleneresponsive coatingssilk fibroin

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  • Developed a mechanochromic paint exhibiting an irreversible blue-to-red color transition upon impact.
  • Quantified the colorimetric response's proportionality to impact energy.

    • Main Results:

    • The mechanochromic paint demonstrated an irreversible color change from blue to red upon impact.
    • The colorimetric response was directly proportional to impact energy across a broad range (100-770 N, 100-1000 MPa).
    • The paint showed wide utility and was successfully integrated into demonstrator devices.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel mechanochromic paint offers a simple and effective solution for impact detection and visualization.
    • The PDA-SF based paint provides quantitative impact history tracking with a scalable colorimetric response.
    • This technology has broad applicability in monitoring material stresses and assessing physiological impacts.