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The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
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Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Databases: Evolution, Current Landscape, and Future Development.

Jing-Yu Zhang1, An-Ran Wang1, Shuo Liang2

  • 1Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Population Health Science Data Center, Beijing 100020, China.

Chinese Medical Sciences Journal = Chung-Kuo I Hsueh K'O Hsueh Tsa Chih
|January 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviews pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) databases, analyzing their development and features. Recommendations are provided to enhance PFD data infrastructure globally and in China.

Keywords:
data platformdatabasedisease registrydisease researchpelvic floor dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Digital medicine
  • Medical informatics
  • Women's health research

Background:

  • Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) negatively impacts women's quality of life.
  • Advancements in digital medicine highlight the importance of PFD databases for research and management.
  • Systematic data collection and high-quality database platforms are crucial for PFD research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the development of PFD-related databases.
  • To comparatively analyze international and domestic PFD database platforms.
  • To provide recommendations for optimizing PFD database infrastructure.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of PFD database developmental stages.
  • Comparative analysis of global and Chinese PFD database platforms.
  • Evaluation of database aspects: structure, data sources, functionalities, quality control, security, and research applications.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of PFD database evolution and current international and domestic platform characteristics.
  • Identification of key features in PFD database construction, data management, and research utility.
  • Assessment of data quality, standardization, security, and access management in PFD databases.

Conclusions:

  • PFD database development is advancing with digital medicine.
  • Comparative analysis reveals varying strengths and weaknesses in global and Chinese PFD platforms.
  • Recommendations are proposed to improve PFD data infrastructure for enhanced research and management.