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Understanding Barriers to Colon Cancer Screening Among Individuals Experiencing Housing Insecurity in Los Angeles.

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Summary

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is low among unhoused individuals. Improving access to health insurance and primary care providers (PCPs) can increase screening rates and knowledge for this vulnerable population.

Keywords:
colon cancer screeningcolorectal cancer screeninghealth disparityhomelessnesshousing insecurityprimary careunhoused

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities
  • Cancer Prevention

Background:

  • Cancer is a major cause of death for unhoused populations.
  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates are significantly lower in unhoused individuals compared to the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine CRC screening rates among unhoused patients.
  • To understand barriers to CRC screening in this demographic.
  • To assess the impact of an educational intervention on CRC screening knowledge and self-efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Surveys were administered to unhoused patients at a mobile clinic before and after a CRC screening educational intervention.
  • Data collected included prior screening rates, barriers, and changes in understanding.
  • Analysis focused on screening rates, insurance status, primary care provider (PCP) access, and intervention effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • Only 13 out of 44 participants (under 50% of those aged 45+) had undergone CRC screening.
  • Having health insurance and a PCP were associated with higher screening rates.
  • The educational intervention improved participants' knowledge and self-efficacy regarding CRC screening.

Conclusions:

  • Improving access to health insurance and PCPs is crucial for increasing CRC screening among unhoused individuals.
  • Addressing barriers to care can enhance preventive screening uptake.
  • Targeted interventions can improve health literacy and confidence in managing CRC screening.