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Magnetically Driven Lasing Microrobots for Precise Photodynamic Therapy.

Xiaoniu Guo1,2, Guocheng Fang2,3, Ningyuan Nie2

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China.

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|January 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces magnetically driven lasing microrobots for precise photodynamic therapy (PDT). These microrobots deliver targeted light, improving tumor cell ablation accuracy and minimizing damage to healthy tissues.

Keywords:
magnetic microrobotmicrolaserphotodynamic therapytumorwhispering gallery mode

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers noninvasive tumor treatment but faces limitations due to light scattering in tissues.
  • Precise light delivery is crucial for maximizing PDT efficacy and minimizing off-target effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a magnetically driven lasing microrobot for high-precision, localized photodynamic therapy.
  • To create an effective light source for targeted tumor ablation with improved accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Microrobots were fabricated from polystyrene microspheres doped with Nile Red and magnetic particles.
  • Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) lasers were generated using 530 nm pumping, emitting at ~650 nm.
  • Microrobot navigation and PDT efficacy were tested in intestine-on-a-chip models and 3D intestinal tumor spheroids.

Main Results:

  • The microrobots demonstrated lasing capabilities with a threshold of 52.1 μJ mm⁻² and motion velocity of 78.5 μm s⁻².
  • The microrobot's illumination range reached 35.1 μm, suitable for localized PDT.
  • Tumor cell ablation achieved a spatial resolution of 651.3 μm², significantly improving therapeutic accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetically driven lasing microrobots offer a novel solution for precise light delivery in PDT.
  • This integrated microlaser and robotic technology presents a promising strategy for enhanced tumor treatment accuracy.
  • The microrobot system enables on-demand navigation for targeted ablation, overcoming limitations of conventional PDT.