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lncRNAs: a new generation of targets and biomarkers in thyroid cancer

Rufina Maturi1,2, Matteo Esposito1, Rob P Coppes2,3

  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

European Thyroid Journal
|January 6, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators in thyroid cancer development. Understanding their roles as oncogenes or tumor suppressors is crucial for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression via diverse mechanisms.
  • lncRNAs are increasingly recognized as critical players in thyroid cancer pathogenesis.
  • Understanding lncRNA functions is vital for improving thyroid cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review major lncRNAs involved in thyroid cancer.
  • To categorize lncRNAs as upregulated (oncogenes) or downregulated (tumor suppressors).
  • To describe lncRNA mechanisms of action and interactions in thyroid cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of lncRNAs in thyroid cancer.
  • Categorization of lncRNAs based on expression levels and function.
  • Analysis of lncRNA mechanisms, including competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs significantly regulate thyroid cancer oncogenesis, often via ceRNA networks.
  • Upregulated lncRNAs act as oncogenes, while downregulated lncRNAs function as tumor suppressors.
  • Other lncRNA regulatory mechanisms beyond miRNA sponging require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs are pivotal in thyroid cancer progression.
  • Circulating lncRNAs hold potential for non-invasive diagnostics.
  • Targeting specific lncRNAs may offer novel therapeutic avenues for thyroid cancer.
Keywords:
biomarkerlncRNAtherapeutic targetthyroid cancer

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