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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Surgical Retrieval, Isolation and In vitro Expansion of Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament-derived Cells for Tissue Engineering Applications

Surgical Retrieval, Isolation and In vitro Expansion of Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament-derived Cells for Tissue Engineering Applications

Published on: April 30, 2014

Two-Incision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

David L Bernholt¹, Kurt P Spindler, Fred M Azar

¹From the Division Chief of Sports Medicine, Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Germantown, TN (Bernholt and Azar), the Cleveland Clinic Florida, Cleveland, OH (Spindler), Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (Wright).

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

|January 6, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The two-incision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) offers clinical benefits for revision surgery and graft selection. This cost-effective technique with metal screws and autograft tendon allows independent femoral tunnel positioning.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Sports Medicine
Arthroscopic Surgery

Background:

The two-incision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) was historically a benchmark technique.
Its popularity has declined due to advancements in arthroscopic technology and minimally invasive approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the continued clinical utility of the two-incision ACLR technique.
To identify specific scenarios where this technique remains advantageous.

Main Methods:

The study reviews the established two-incision ACLR technique.
It discusses its application in revision ACLR and primary ACLR with specific graft considerations.

Main Results:

The two-incision technique facilitates single-stage revision ACLR.
It helps prevent graft-tunnel mismatch in primary ACLR with long patellar tendon autografts.
This method, using metal screws and autograft, is the most cost-effective ACLR with independent femoral tunnel positioning.

Conclusions:

The two-incision ACLR technique retains significant clinical value.
It is a viable option for surgeons prioritizing cost-effectiveness without compromising outcomes.
Consideration for primary ACLR is recommended, especially in specific graft scenarios.