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Deconfined pseudocriticality in a model spin-1 quantum antiferromagnet.

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Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|January 6, 2026
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Summary

We investigated a spin-1 magnet model, finding that transitions between magnetic phases are likely pseudocritical, not continuous. This suggests deconfined pseudocriticality is more common in such quantum systems.

Keywords:
Néel–cVBS transitiondeconfined quantum criticalitypseudocriticalityquantum Monte Carlo (QMC)spin-1 quantum antiferromagnet

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Magnetism
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Deconfined quantum criticality (DQC) theory, based on Berry phase interference, explains continuous transitions in S=1/2 antiferromagnets.
  • This theory has been extended to S=1 magnets, proposing continuous Néel to columnar valence bond solid (cVBS) transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore a microscopic model for continuous transitions in S=1 magnets.
  • To investigate the nature of the Néel to cVBS transition in a specific square lattice model.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a square lattice model with Heisenberg (J H), biquadratic (J B), and Q-term (Q B) interactions.
  • Employed large-scale quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations to analyze the model's behavior.
  • Utilized Binder analysis and order parameter histograms to characterize critical phenomena.

Main Results:

  • For J H = 0, the model mirrors the SU(3) JQ model, exhibiting a DQC-like Néel-cVBS transition.
  • Introducing J H (reducing symmetry to SU(2)) showed signatures suggestive of a continuous transition.
  • Binder analysis revealed sub-extensive negative dips, indicating pseudocritical behavior rather than a true continuous transition.

Conclusions:

  • The studied Néel-cVBS transition in the S=1 model is interpreted as pseudocritical.
  • Deconfined pseudocriticality appears to be a more prevalent scenario than previously thought, even in S=1 systems.
  • Findings align with recent studies on spin-1/2 models, reinforcing the prevalence of pseudocriticality.