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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

Published on: April 21, 2023

Cost-Effectiveness of Thyroid Nodule Risk Stratification Guidelines.

Natalie Vankka¹, Bo Bao², Alexandria Webb³

¹Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry.

Ultrasound Quarterly

|January 6, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adhering to American College of Radiology (ACR) TI-RADS and American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines for thyroid nodules can significantly reduce healthcare costs. The ACR TI-RADS approach is slightly more cost-effective, potentially saving up to $88,000 annually by reducing unnecessary biopsies.

Keywords:

ACR TI-RADS ATA cost analysis thyroid cancer thyroid nodule

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Area of Science:

Radiology
Medical Economics
Endocrinology

Background:

Thyroid nodules are common, requiring accurate risk stratification for appropriate management.
Current guidelines, including ACR TI-RADS and ATA, aim to standardize thyroid nodule evaluation.
Variations in guideline adherence can impact healthcare resource utilization and costs.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the potential cost savings associated with consistent adherence to the 2017 ACR TI-RADS and 2015 ATA guidelines for thyroid nodule assessment.
To compare the cost-effectiveness of ACR TI-RADS versus ATA criteria in managing thyroid nodules.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of ultrasound features for 291 cytology-proven thyroid nodules.
Independent scoring of nodules by two radiologists using ACR TI-RADS and ATA guidelines.
Calculation and comparison of expected costs of guideline adherence versus actual healthcare system costs.

Main Results:

Strict adherence to either guideline could save the healthcare system up to $88,000 annually.
ACR TI-RADS recommended fewer fine-needle aspirations (147) compared to ATA (261), while recommending more follow-up ultrasounds (51 vs. 9).
ACR TI-RADS demonstrated slightly greater annual cost savings (approximately $3000) compared to ATA.

Conclusions:

Consistent application of ACR TI-RADS and ATA guidelines can lead to substantial cost savings by minimizing unnecessary thyroid biopsies.
The ACR TI-RADS guideline appears to be more cost-effective than the ATA guideline for thyroid nodule evaluation.