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Related Concept Videos

Pneumonia IV: Management01:28

Pneumonia IV: Management

749
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
749
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
775
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

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Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
3.4K
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

2.5K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
2.5K
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

717
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
717
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

1.0K
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
1.0K

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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pathogen Detection and Disease Assessment in Real-Time Using M-ROSE
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pathogen Detection and Disease Assessment in Real-Time Using M-ROSE

Published on: March 1, 2024

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Persistent COVID-19 Pneumonia in a Patient on Rituximab.

Karen Clarke1, Sathyabama Naidu1, Claire Wan2

  • 1Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports
|January 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunosuppressed patients with persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection may develop severe pneumonitis. A multimodal treatment approach, including antivirals and immunomodulators, effectively resolved symptoms in a challenging case.

Keywords:
PCR on bronchoalveolar lavagefalse negativeorganizing pneumoniapersistent COVID-19rituximab

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Assessment of Human Natural Killer Cell Events Driven by FcγRIIIa Engagement in the Presence of Therapeutic Antibodies
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Assessment of Human Natural Killer Cell Events Driven by FcγRIIIa Engagement in the Presence of Therapeutic Antibodies

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Assessment of Human Natural Killer Cell Events Driven by FcγRIIIa Engagement in the Presence of Therapeutic Antibodies
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Assessment of Human Natural Killer Cell Events Driven by FcγRIIIa Engagement in the Presence of Therapeutic Antibodies

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Immunosuppressed individuals face higher risks from SARS-CoV-2, including persistent infections and inflammation.
  • Rituximab therapy for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy can exacerbate SARS-CoV-2 complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight a case of persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting as organizing pneumonia in an immunosuppressed patient.
  • To illustrate the diagnostic challenges and effective multimodal treatment for severe COVID-19 in immunocompromised hosts.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 52-year-old male on rituximab with recurrent pneumonitis.
  • Diagnostic workup included serial nasopharyngeal PCR and bronchoalveolar lavage.
  • Treatment involved a combination of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, baricitinib, IVIG, and IV methylprednisolone.

Main Results:

  • The patient experienced recurrent pneumonitis over three months, initially misdiagnosed.
  • SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed via bronchoalveolar lavage despite negative nasopharyngeal swabs.
  • Multimodal therapy led to prompt and sustained clinical improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent COVID-19 should be considered in unexplained organizing pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients.
  • Multimodal therapy is effective for managing severe, persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised individuals.