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Alternative protein source to cover needs in early childhood
Cristiana Berti1, Silvia Bettocchi1,2, Veronica D'Oria3
1Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico.
Balancing protein needs for children aged 2-5 years involves considering human and planetary health. Sustainable protein sources offer promise but require further research on acceptance and nutritional adequacy.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Environmental Health
- Food Science
Background:
- Early childhood protein intake is crucial for growth and development.
- Climate change necessitates sustainable food systems, impacting dietary choices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review protein intake in early childhood (2-5 years) within the context of climate change.
- To examine benefits and concerns of various protein sources for human and planetary health.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent evidence on protein sources.
- Analysis of nutritional, environmental, and acceptance factors.
Main Results:
- High animal protein intake may lead to weight gain; low intake can cause growth restriction.
- Alternative proteins (plant-based, insect-derived) show potential but have uncertainties in digestibility, allergenicity, and long-term effects.
- Children's acceptance of alternative proteins is influenced by sensory preferences, neophobia, and parental attitudes.
Conclusions:
- Meeting protein needs requires balancing child development and environmental sustainability.
- Nutritional adequacy, safety, and cultural acceptance of alternative proteins must be ensured.
- Personalized nutrition is key for healthy growth and sustainable protein choices in early childhood.
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