Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

453
Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
453
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

2.5K
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
2.5K
Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

484
Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
484
Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

424
Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...
424
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

323
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
323
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

408
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
408

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Contemporary Clinical Practices in Korean Patients With Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion: Results From the K-CTO Nationwide Retrospective Registry.

Korean circulation journal·2026
Same author

Incidence and Prognostic Implications of Mental Disorders Among Patients With a Permanent Pacemaker: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

Clinical Outcomes of Complete Revascularization in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With High Bleeding Risk and Multivessel Disease.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

Real-world off-label apixaban dosing and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure and end-stage kidney disease.

Medicine·2026
Same author

Feasibility of Distal Radial Access in the Use of a Large-Bore Sheath for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Real-World Evidence From the Nationwide Cohort.

Korean circulation journal·2026
Same author

Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy in Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Insights From a Multicenter Study.

Korean circulation journal·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

33.9K

Risk Factors of Complications in Patients With Persistent or Long-Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation/Atrial

Ki-Hun Kim1, Junbeom Park2, Donghwan Ku1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Journal of Korean Medical Science
|January 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Female sex and prior stroke/systemic embolism (SSE) are key predictors of complications following electrical cardioversion (ECV) for atrial fibrillation (AF). Understanding these risks aids in managing AF rhythm control strategies.

Keywords:
Atrial FibrillationComplicationElectrical Cardioversion

More Related Videos

Non-fluoroscopic Catheter Tracking for Fluoroscopy Reduction in Interventional Electrophysiology
10:46

Non-fluoroscopic Catheter Tracking for Fluoroscopy Reduction in Interventional Electrophysiology

Published on: May 26, 2015

13.7K
Robotic Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
11:21

Robotic Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: May 29, 2015

20.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

33.9K
Non-fluoroscopic Catheter Tracking for Fluoroscopy Reduction in Interventional Electrophysiology
10:46

Non-fluoroscopic Catheter Tracking for Fluoroscopy Reduction in Interventional Electrophysiology

Published on: May 26, 2015

13.7K
Robotic Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
11:21

Robotic Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: May 29, 2015

20.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Electrical cardioversion (ECV) is a strategy for rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
  • Identifying complications associated with ECV is crucial for patient management and risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for major complications following ECV in patients with persistent or long-standing persistent AF/atrial flutter (AFL).
  • To inform clinical decision-making regarding rhythm control strategies in AF patients undergoing ECV.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 1,058 patients undergoing ECV for persistent or long-standing persistent AF/AFL.
  • Patients were categorized into complication (n=35) and no-complication (n=1,023) groups.
  • Major complications included stroke/systemic embolism (SSE), myocardial infarction, major bleeding, and death within one year.

Main Results:

  • The complication group had a higher proportion of females, older age, diabetes mellitus (DM), heart failure (HF), SSE, higher CHA₂DS₂-VASc (CV) scores, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and higher left atrial volume index (LAVI).
  • Univariate analysis identified age (≥65), female sex, DM, HF, SSE, low LVEF (<50%), high LAVI (≥40 mL/m²), high CV score (≥3), bradycardia, and lack of antiarrhythmics as risk factors.
  • Multivariate analysis confirmed female sex and a history of SSE as the most significant independent predictors of complications.

Conclusions:

  • Female sex and prior stroke/systemic embolism (SSE) are the most critical risk factors for ECV complications in AF/AFL patients.
  • These findings underscore the importance of pre-procedural risk assessment and patient selection for ECV.