[Epidemiology of cancers in women]

In 2022, there were an estimated 9 175 141 new cases of cancer in women worldwide, including 187 526 in France. Breast cancer was the most common cancer in women, accounting for 23.8 % of cases worldwide and 31 % in France. Gynaecological cancers (ovarian, endometrial, and cervical) accounted for approximately 15.25 % of all new cases of cancer in women worldwide and 9 % in France. Beyond breast cancer, the incidence of many non-gynaecological cancers, such as colorectal, lung, pancreatic, liver, oral and pharyngeal cancers, as well as melanoma, is increasing among women, partly due to smoking, but not entirely explained by established risk factors. Overall, 37 % of cancers in women are linked to preventable factors, including tobacco, alcohol, obesity, diet, and infections (particularly HPV). In France, participation in screening programs remains well below European recommendations, with rates of 59 %, 44 %, and 29 % for cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer screening, respectively.