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Comparing trauma surgery outcomes between APPs and resident-run teams.

Allysen Shaughnessy1, Andrea Majewski, Morgan Henderson

  • 1At MetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland, OH, Allysen Shaughnessy is director of APP education and practices trauma surgery and emergency general surgery; Andrea Majewski practices trauma surgery and emergency general surgery; Morgan Henderson is associate director of the trauma/surgical critical care/emergency general surgery APP fellowship; and Alaina M. Lasinski is an attending surgeon and director of emergency general surgery. A. Shaughnessy and M. Henderson are adjunct faculty members at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, OH, and A.M. Lasinski is an assistant professor of surgery at Case Western Reserve University as well as a medical officer for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Disaster Medical System. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|January 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced practice providers (APPs) are increasingly used in trauma surgery to address resident shortages. This review evaluates APP impact on trauma care quality and outcomes compared to resident teams.

Keywords:
advanced practice providershealth care qualityinterprofessional careresident-run teamstrauma surgerytrauma unit

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Healthcare Workforce Analysis

Background:

  • Graduate Medical Education work hour restrictions have led to resident shortages in trauma surgery.
  • Advanced Practice Providers (APPs), including physician associates (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs), are increasingly integrated into trauma surgical teams.
  • Evaluating the impact of APPs on trauma care quality and system performance is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current evidence on the outcomes of trauma surgery services staffed by APPs.
  • To compare the clinical outcomes and system-level performance of APP-run trauma teams with resident-run teams.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies evaluating APP roles in trauma surgery.
  • Comparative analysis of outcomes between APP-staffed and resident-staffed trauma surgery services.

Main Results:

  • Evidence synthesis on APP contributions to trauma care.
  • Comparative data on quality of care, clinical outcomes, and system performance.

Conclusions:

  • APP integration impacts trauma surgery staffing models.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the comparative outcomes of APP versus resident trauma surgery teams.