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Related Concept Videos

Dimensions of Health and Illness01:21

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

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Cocreating Principles for Digital Health Equity: Cross-Sectional, Qualitative Study for Participatory Human-Centered

Jordi Piera-Jiménez1,2, Núria Vilarasau Creus3, Ada Maymó Costa3

  • 1Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) research group, Barcelona, Spain.

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Summary

This study developed 10 design principles for equitable digital health transformation by involving diverse stakeholders. These principles aim to create inclusive, person-centered health information systems, addressing barriers like digital literacy and user exclusion.

Keywords:
co-creationdigital healthdigital health strategyequityhealth information systemshuman-centred designparticipatory designuser experience

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health
  • Health Equity
  • Human-Centered Design

Background:

  • Digital health technologies can worsen health inequalities if designed without end-user input.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted technology's dual role in bridging and widening health care access gaps.
  • Integrating equity into digital health transformation is crucial for health systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To cocreate actionable design principles for equitable digital health transformation.
  • To develop guidelines for person-centered, integrated, and longitudinal information systems.
  • To involve diverse stakeholders in a participatory human-centered design (PHCD) process.

Main Methods:

  • A qualitative PHCD study with 265 participants from Catalonia's health care ecosystem.
  • Utilized design thinking and cocreation tools across 24 regional and 7 expert sessions.
  • Employed visual tools and inductive-deductive analysis to generate design principles.

Main Results:

  • Identified barriers: digital literacy gaps, fragmented systems, lack of user involvement, and insufficient focus on vulnerable populations.
  • Generated 10 core principles for equitable digital health, prioritizing the person, universal access, compassionate care, and data integration.
  • Principles emphasize user experience, data utility, trust-building, and collaborative innovation.

Conclusions:

  • Large-scale PHCD effectively addresses equity barriers in health information systems.
  • Engaging diverse stakeholders transforms complex inequities into practical guidance.
  • The principles offer a framework for robust, inclusive, and accessible person-centered digital health systems.