Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
19:57

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

19.1K

Low Rates of Virologic Failure and Acquired HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Children in Cameroon: Evidence Following

Marie Laure Ndjolo Ada1,2, Joseph Fokam1,2,3,4,5, Nelly Kamgaing1,2,6

  • 1From the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|January 7, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric dolutegravir-based ART showed strong virologic response in Cameroonian children living with HIV. Combining effective ART with adherence support is key to advancing HIV elimination goals.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • HIV/AIDS research
  • Public health in sub-Saharan Africa

Background:

  • Virologic failure (VF) in children living with HIV (CLHIV) is a significant challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with high rates observed in Cameroon.
  • The introduction of pediatric dolutegravir (pDTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) presents a new approach to managing HIV in CLHIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate predictors of virologic response among CLHIV in Cameroon.
  • To assess the prevalence of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in CLHIV receiving pDTG-based ART.

Main Methods:

  • A facility-based longitudinal study was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
  • Plasma viral load (PVL) and HIVDR were assessed in CLHIV aged 0-10 years on pDTG-based ART.
  • VF was defined as two consecutive PVL ≥1000 copies/mL, with interventions including adherence counseling and support.

Main Results:

  • Out of 318 participants, 94.03% received pDTG-based ART. At enrollment, 11.6% of children had viral loads ≥1000 copies/mL, with higher odds associated with rural origins and poor adherence.
  • Following adherence support, only 3 out of 311 children (less than 1%) experienced VF.
  • HIVDR mutations were detected in less than 1% of children with VF.

Conclusions:

  • Children on pDTG-containing ART in Cameroon demonstrated a strong virologic response.
  • Integrating effective ART regimens with active adherence support strategies can contribute to sustained progress towards HIV elimination in children by 2030.
Abstract

Keywords:
HIVMother and Child Centre of the Chantal BIYA Foundationchildrendrug resistancevirologic response

More Related Videos

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

18.3K
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

2.1K

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
49.2K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
207
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
240
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
251
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
189
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
248