Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

31
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
31

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A plastoglobuli-localized enzyme links phenylalanine biosynthesis to translational homeostasis in maize.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Effect of high glucose on the gene expression profiling in cardiac fibroblasts from rats at different ages.

PeerJ·2026
Same author

Oxygen-Vacancy-Mediated Dynamic Bidirectional Oxygen Migration for Enhanced Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Objective pulse wave amplitude as a potential systemic correlate in childhood myopia: a digital TCM-based study.

Frontiers in medicine·2026
Same author

Impaired P4HA1-Driven Hydroxyproline Formation Mediates Scleral Collagen Disruption in Form-Deprivation Myopia.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026
Same author

Mitophagy in ophthalmic pathologies: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

12.7K

Cerebrospinal fluid metabolites and multiple sclerosis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Dejin Zhang1,2, Jiaojiao Feng1, Jing Feng1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Linshui, Guangan, China.

Medicine
|January 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites show a causal link to multiple sclerosis (MS). Specific metabolites may increase MS risk, while others may reduce it, offering potential prevention targets.

Keywords:
Mendelian randomizationcausalitycerebrospinal fluid metabolitesgenome-wide association studymultiple sclerosis

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

11.9K
Simultaneous Flow Cytometric Characterization of Multiple Cell Types Retrieved from Mouse Brain/Spinal Cord Through Different Homogenization Methods
10:24

Simultaneous Flow Cytometric Characterization of Multiple Cell Types Retrieved from Mouse Brain/Spinal Cord Through Different Homogenization Methods

Published on: November 19, 2019

14.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

12.7K
Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

11.9K
Simultaneous Flow Cytometric Characterization of Multiple Cell Types Retrieved from Mouse Brain/Spinal Cord Through Different Homogenization Methods
10:24

Simultaneous Flow Cytometric Characterization of Multiple Cell Types Retrieved from Mouse Brain/Spinal Cord Through Different Homogenization Methods

Published on: November 19, 2019

14.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Metabolomics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies suggest associations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites and multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • The causal relationship between CSF metabolites and MS remains unclear due to potential confounding factors and reverse causation.
  • Understanding these causal links is crucial for developing effective MS prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal relationship between 338 CSF metabolites and the risk of developing MS.
  • To utilize Mendelian randomization analysis to establish causality, overcoming limitations of observational studies.
  • To identify specific CSF metabolites that may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for MS.

Main Methods:

  • A 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data.
  • Summary statistics for 338 CSF metabolites were obtained from a GWAS of 689 participants.
  • Summary statistics for MS were derived from a large GWAS including 115,803 participants (47,429 cases, 68,374 controls).
  • Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) methods were used for primary analysis, complemented by extensive sensitivity analyses to ensure robustness against bias.

Main Results:

  • The IVW analysis indicated a suggestive causal link between higher levels of beta-alanine, 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-gpc, and allantoin, and an increased risk of MS.
  • Conversely, Wald ratio analysis revealed that higher levels of N,N,N-trimethyl-l-alanyl-l-proline betaine, butyrate, and N-acetylglycine were associated with a reduced risk of MS.
  • Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings and ruled out significant biases from heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides genetic evidence supporting a causal role for specific CSF metabolites in MS development.
  • Certain CSF metabolites are associated with increased MS susceptibility, while others appear protective.
  • Targeting these CSF metabolites could represent a novel strategy for MS prevention or intervention.