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Updated: May 5, 2026

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Creating Equity in Lactation Through Historically Black Colleges and Universities.

Janiya Mitnaul Williams1

  • 1Pathway 2 Human Lactation Graduate Certificate Program, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University.

North Carolina Medical Journal
|January 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Systemic barriers hinder lactation consultant training. Placing Pathway 2 programs at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) can improve breastfeeding rates and benefit all patients by valuing marginalized communities.

Keywords:
Janiya Mitnaul Williamsblack studentsbreastfeedingcultural competencyhbcuhealth carelactationmedical educationnorth carolinapublic health

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Equity
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • Access to quality lactation consultant training is limited by systemic barriers.
  • Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) are vital institutions serving marginalized communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the strategic placement of Pathway 2 lactation consultant programs at HBCUs.
  • To explore the potential impact of this initiative on breastfeeding rates and health equity.

Main Methods:

  • This study proposes a strategic initiative for placing Pathway 2 programs.
  • The analysis focuses on the anticipated outcomes of increased access to training for underrepresented groups.

Main Results:

  • Implementing Pathway 2 programs at HBCUs is projected to increase the number of qualified lactation consultants.
  • This strategic placement is expected to lead to improved breastfeeding initiation and duration rates, particularly among marginalized populations.

Conclusions:

  • Strategically placing lactation consultant training programs at HBCUs can dismantle systemic barriers.
  • Valuing marginalized communities in healthcare training leads to broader benefits, including increased breastfeeding rates for all patients.