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Updated: Jan 13, 2026
Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management
Published on: January 19, 2024
Association between anaemia and osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Alveron Andreas Tear1, Florencia Anastasia Tesno1, Haneira Shofiadeita1
1Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Background:
Osteoporosis significantly impacts global morbidity. Recent evidence suggests anaemia may contribute to osteoporosis risk. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates this association.
Methods:
PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect were searched for papers. Studies with definition of anaemia and assessing osteoporosis outcomes were included. Meta-analysis utilized random-effects models (DerSimonian-Laird method), and study quality was assessed via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Analyses were performed using R Studio.
Result:
Eighteen studies (861,540 participants) were analyzed. Anaemia significantly increased osteoporosis risk in univariate analysis (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.33-1.98; p < 0.001), despite high heterogeneity (I2 = 92.7%). The results remain significant in studies that reported multivariate analysis (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.26-3.21; p = 0.004). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of our result.
Conclusion:
Anaemia significantly associated with osteoporosis, emphasizing the need for targeted screening in anaemic individuals. Further studies should consider incorporating anaemia into osteoporosis and fracture prediction tools.
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