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Sickle Cell Disease Is an Inherent Risk for Asthma in a Sibling Comparison Study

Suhei C Zuleta De Bernardis1, Okeleji Olayinka1, Mariam Z Quraishi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA.

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|January 7, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Sickle cell disease (SCD) significantly increases asthma risk in children, even after accounting for family history. Regular screening for asthma is crucial in children with SCD due to the age-related rise in prevalence.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Hematology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) and asthma share overlapping symptoms, making it difficult to determine if SCD increases asthma risk.
  • Asthma prevalence in children with SCD is thought to be similar to or higher than in the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the association between sickle cell disease and asthma risk.
  • To assess asthma risk in children with SCD compared to their siblings, controlling for familial and environmental factors.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, case-control sibling comparison study.
  • Included 248 children with SCD and 328 siblings aged 2-18 years.
  • Asthma diagnosis confirmed by pediatric pulmonologist clinical assessment.

Main Results:

  • Asthma prevalence was significantly higher in children with SCD (28.6%) compared to siblings (7.6%).
  • SCD status was the sole factor associated with increased asthma odds (OR: 7.57) after adjusting for age and sex.
  • In the SCD group, risk factors included age, male sex, family history of asthma, and hydroxyurea use.

Conclusions:

  • Sickle cell disease independently increases asthma risk, irrespective of familial and environmental influences.
  • The rising prevalence of asthma with age in children with SCD underscores the need for routine screening.
Abstract

Keywords:
asthmaepidemiologyscreeningsickle cell disease

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