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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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Causal inference between physical activity and chronic diseases: Insights from a two-sample Mendelian randomization

Peng Qiu1,2, Junyu Wu3,2, Min Li4,2

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.

Sports Medicine and Health Science
|January 7, 2026
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Summary

Vigorous physical activity (VPA) may reduce the risk of major coronary heart disease, according to Mendelian randomization analysis. This finding highlights VPA

Keywords:
Causal inferenceChronic diseasesMajor coronary heart diseaseMendelian randomizationPhysical activity

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic diseases pose significant global health and economic challenges.
  • Understanding the causal links between lifestyle factors and chronic diseases is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal relationship between physical activity (PA) and the development of eight chronic diseases.
  • To determine if different levels of PA influence chronic disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach using data from over 450,000 participants.
  • Utilized inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the primary analysis, with MR-Egger and weighted median for validation.
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy.

Main Results:

  • Vigorous physical activity (VPA) showed a statistically significant association with a reduced risk of major coronary heart disease (OR = 0.95, p = 0.01).
  • Results were consistent across multiple MR methods and validated by sensitivity analyses.
  • No significant causal associations were found between other PA levels and the studied chronic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Vigorous physical activity (VPA) plays a role in preventive cardiology.
  • Findings support the integration of VPA into public health strategies for chronic disease prevention.
  • Further research is needed on demographic variations and dose-response relationships for VPA and heart health.