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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

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Polychlorinated biphenyl 153 alters the intestinal epithelial cell transcriptome.

Hanna Ham1, Prakrti Senthil1, Stephanie C Tan2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Biomedical Reports
|January 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Polychlorinated biphenyl 153 (PCB153) alters human intestinal cell gene expression, impacting Wnt signaling, metabolism, and immune pathways. This study reveals PCB153's molecular effects on intestinal epithelial cells, offering insights into toxicity mechanisms.

Keywords:
IECsPCB153RNA sequencingenvironmental toxicantstranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Polychlorinated biphenyl 153 (PCB153) is a persistent environmental pollutant found in human tissues.
  • Dietary exposure is a primary route for PCB153 accumulation.
  • The intestinal epithelium is a key target for PCB toxicity, but mechanisms are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular effects of PCB153 on human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs).
  • To identify key biological pathways disrupted by PCB153 exposure.
  • To establish a transcriptomic framework for understanding PCB toxicity in the gut.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptomic profiling of non-transformed human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs).
  • Dose-dependent exposure to PCB153.
  • Analysis of gene expression alterations and affected signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • PCB153 induced dose-dependent changes in the IEC transcriptome.
  • Affected pathways include Wnt signaling, ABC transporters, cGMP-PKG signaling, and metal homeostasis.
  • High-dose PCB153 activated inflammatory (TNF, NF-κB) and tumorigenic pathways.
  • Mitochondrial metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and detoxification were suppressed.

Conclusions:

  • PCB153 causes extensive transcriptomic remodeling in normal human IECs.
  • PCB153 disrupts intestinal regeneration, immune response, and metabolic regulation.
  • Findings provide mechanistic insights into PCB153-induced intestinal damage and potential biomarkers/targets.