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Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveal Microenvironment Alterations in Canine Peri-Implantitis.

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  • 1Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China, sysu.edu.cn.

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Peri-implantitis involves distinct cellular changes in gingiva and alveolar bone. This study reveals specific cell types and signaling pathways driving inflammation in these tissues, offering new therapeutic targets for dental implant failure.

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canine disease modelperi-implantitissingle-cell RNA sequencingtissue-specific microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Dental research
  • Immunology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Peri-implantitis is a leading cause of dental implant failure.
  • Current research lacks detailed understanding of tissue-specific cellular and molecular dynamics in peri-implantitis.
  • Ethical limitations in obtaining healthy tissues impede peri-implantitis research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tissue-specific heterogeneity in peri-implantitis using a controlled canine model.
  • To identify distinct cellular and molecular changes in gingival and alveolar bone tissues during peri-implantitis.
  • To establish a foundation for developing targeted therapies for peri-implantitis.

Main Methods:

  • Established a controlled peri-implantitis model in beagle dogs for ethical tissue acquisition.
  • Performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on gingival and alveolar bone tissues.
  • Utilized flow cytometry to validate identified cell subclusters and their roles.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant expansion of inflammation-associated cells in both gingival and alveolar bone tissues.
  • Discovered specific cell populations: IL6+/IL18BP+ endothelial cells and CXCL8+ fibroblasts in gingiva, and APOD+ fibroblasts in alveolar bone.
  • Uncovered C3-C3AR1 complement signaling pathway in alveolar bone mediating immune crosstalk.

Conclusions:

  • Presented the first single-cell resolution atlas of soft and hard tissue remodeling in peri-implantitis.
  • Highlighted distinct microenvironmental reprogramming in gingiva and alveolar bone, with specific cellular drivers.
  • Validated the canine model for peri-implantitis research and identified potential therapeutic targets.