Expert Consensus on 5-aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilising 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has emerged as a signifi-cant non-invasive treatment for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). PDT involves the use of a photosensitiser (5-ALA), light and oxygen to selectively target and destroy diseased tissues via photochemical reactions. This therapy has shown promising results in treating vari-ous OPMDs, such as oral leucoplakia, oral erythroplakia and oral lichen planus. This consensus document outlines the clinical application of 5-ALA-PDT, providing a comprehensive guide for oral mucosal specialists and stomatology departments. The consensus includes detailed recommendations on irradiation dose, irradiation time, light source selection, pre-treatment preparation, clinical diagnosis, treatment protocols, efficacy evaluation and management of post-treatment adverse events. The goal is to standardise 5-ALA-PDT procedures to improve clinical outcomes and provide a scientific basis for the treatment of OPMDs. By offering guid-ance on patient selection, lesion assessment and therapeutic strategies, this document aims to address current clinical challenges and enhance the effectiveness of PDT in managing oral mucosal diseases.