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Photodynamic Therapy with Blended Conducting Polymer/Fullerene Nanoparticle Photosensitizers

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Programmable Intermolecular Charge-Transfer Complexes for Photothermal Cancer Therapy.

Chu Wang^1,2, Chengliang Cao¹, Yunsheng Shang¹

¹School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|January 7, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed novel organic photothermal agents (PTAs) using charge-transfer complex nanoparticles. These PER-TCQ nanoparticles show high photothermal conversion efficiency and effective antitumor capabilities for cancer therapy.

Keywords:

charge‐transfer complexes near‐infrared photothermal agents photothermal therapy

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging cancer treatment.
Developing efficient organic photothermal agents (PTAs) with simple synthesis is challenging.
High photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) is crucial for effective PTT.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop novel organic PTAs with high PCE and straightforward synthesis.
To investigate the photothermal properties and antitumor efficacy of charge-transfer complex nanoparticles.
To explore the potential of supramolecular assembly for creating advanced PTAs.

Main Methods:

Synthesized charge-transfer complex nanoparticles (PER-TCQ) via supramolecular assembly of perylene (PER) and tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (TCQ).
Characterized the nanoparticles' optical properties, focusing on near-infrared (NIR) absorption.
Evaluated photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) under 808 nm laser irradiation.
Assessed antitumor efficacy through in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Main Results:

PER-TCQ nanoparticles exhibited strong NIR absorption due to charge-transfer interactions.
Achieved a high PCE of 66.1% upon laser irradiation.
Demonstrated effective antitumor efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Conclusions:

PER-TCQ nanoparticles represent a promising class of high-performance organic PTAs.
Supramolecular assembly offers a viable strategy for designing efficient PTAs.
The developed PTAs show significant potential for advancing photothermal cancer therapy.