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Sagittal Skeletal Malocclusions and Sleep Quality in Children Without Orofacial Dysfunction

Çağla Uygur Gülderen1, Serap Titiz Yurdakal2

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Uşak Oral and Dental Health Center, Uşak.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|January 7, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Sagittal skeletal malocclusions do not impact sleep quality in children without orofacial dysfunction. This study found no significant link between jaw alignment, sleep habits, or airway dimensions in this group.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Sagittal skeletal malocclusions, such as Class II or III, are common in children.
  • The relationship between malocclusion and sleep quality, independent of orofacial dysfunction, requires further investigation.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for comprehensive pediatric health assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if sagittal skeletal malocclusions affect children's sleep quality independently of orofacial functional disorders.
  • To compare cephalometric measurements and sleep quality across different skeletal malocclusion classes (I, II, III).
  • To determine correlations between specific skeletal parameters and sleep quality metrics.

Main Methods:

  • Cephalometric analysis was used to classify 164 children (7-13 years) into skeletal Class I, II, or III.
  • Children with orofacial dysfunction were excluded.
  • Sleep quality was assessed using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ); airway dimensions were also measured.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in SNB angle (mandibular position) were observed across skeletal groups.
  • Males with Class II malocclusion exhibited greater vertical dimensions; females did not show significant intergroup differences.
  • No significant differences in CSHQ scores or 2D airway measurements were found among the skeletal groups.
  • No correlation was identified between sleep quality scores and SNB angle or vertical skeletal dimensions.

Conclusions:

  • Sagittal skeletal malocclusions do not appear to significantly influence sleep quality in children without orofacial dysfunction.
  • Airway dimensions in children without orofacial dysfunction are not significantly affected by sagittal skeletal malocclusion.
  • These findings suggest that sleep quality assessment in children may not require routine consideration of sagittal skeletal relationships when orofacial function is normal.

Keywords:
Airway dimensionscephalometric analysismalocclusionorofacial dysfunctionpediatric sleep

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