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Deepening ideas vs. exploring new ones: AI strategy effects in human-AI creative collaboration.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) collaboration in creative tasks should prioritize deepening existing ideas over diversifying them. This human-AI co-creation strategy builds trust and increases idea adoption for enhanced creativity.

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Effective human-AI collaboration is essential as artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more involved in creative processes.
  • A key question is whether AI should focus on exploiting existing ideas or exploring new ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of two AI collaboration strategies—exploitation (deepening) and exploration (diversifying)—on human trust and idea adoption.
  • To determine the optimal AI approach for enhancing human creativity in collaborative tasks.

Main Methods:

  • A controlled experiment was conducted with 148 participants using a turn-based brainstorming system.
  • Two AI strategies, based on March's exploration-exploitation framework, were compared: deepening existing ideas versus diversifying the creative space.
  • The study measured human trust and the adoption of ideas generated during the brainstorming sessions on the topic of increasing café sales.

Main Results:

  • The AI strategy focused on deepening existing ideas (exploitation) significantly outperformed the diversification strategy (exploration).
  • The deepening strategy led to higher levels of user trust and greater idea adoption.
  • AI's predictable behavior in the deepening condition enhanced user understanding and facilitated more effective collaboration.

Conclusions:

  • For successful human-AI co-creation, AI should function as a supportive partner, incrementally developing human-initiated concepts rather than competing.
  • This supportive approach fosters trust and increases the integration of AI-generated ideas, moving beyond tool-centric models to collaborative partnerships.
  • The findings suggest that a deepening AI strategy can enhance human creativity through more effective and trusting collaboration.