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AI-enhanced virtual reality simulation for nursing students' empathy: Automated scoring and inter-rater reliability

Pao-Ju Chen1

  • 1Department of Nursing, College of Healthcare and Management, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, No.58, Sec.2, Sihchuan Rd., Banciao District, New Taipei City, 220303, Taiwan.

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Summary

Virtual Reality Integrated Artificial Intelligence Empathic Communication Simulation (VR-AI-ECS) significantly improved nursing students' empathic communication skills. AI ratings closely matched educator evaluations, validating its use in training.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceAutomated feedbackEmpathy trainingObstetric nursingVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Education
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Background:

  • Empathy is crucial for nursing, especially in high-stress obstetric settings.
  • Traditional teaching methods fall short in developing advanced empathic communication skills.
  • Immersive and interactive simulation is needed to bridge the gap between training and clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of a novel Virtual Reality Integrated Artificial Intelligence Empathic Communication Simulation (VR-AI-ECS) for nursing students.
  • To evaluate the concordance between AI-driven and educator assessments of empathic communication.
  • To enhance nursing students' ability to communicate empathetically in challenging clinical scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial compared VR-AI-ECS (n=40) with a 360° video control group (n=40).
  • The experimental group utilized AI-guided dialogue and real-time feedback within a virtual reality environment.
  • Empathic communication was quantitatively measured using the Empathic Communication Performance Rating Scale and qualitatively assessed via focus groups.

Main Results:

  • The VR-AI-ECS group showed statistically significant improvements in empathic communication scores post-intervention.
  • AI and educator ratings demonstrated strong correlation (ICC = 0.81), indicating reliable AI assessment.
  • Students reported enhanced self-awareness and communication skills due to dual perspectives and AI feedback.

Conclusions:

  • VR-AI-ECS is an effective tool for enhancing nursing students' empathic communication and self-reflection.
  • AI-based scoring is a reliable and valid method for assessing empathic communication, comparable to expert judgment.
  • This technology offers a scalable, standardized, and personalized approach to empathy training in nursing education.