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Published on: April 21, 2023
Phase separation in regulation of gene expression: current methodological and conceptual approaches
Kalina Wegrzyn1, Tomasz Wilanowski1
1University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Warsaw, Poland.
None:
Phase separation underlies the formation of subcellular structures known as biomolecular condensates or membraneless organelles. In the last 15 years, a great effort has been made to characterize the biophysical properties of condensates and their role in cellular processes, including the regulation of gene expression. In this article, we provide an overview of mechanisms of phase separation in the cellular milieu, including the role of intrinsically disordered proteins, and present a repertoire of methods used to study condensate properties. Additionally, we describe recent advances regarding the role of phase separation in regulation of gene expression.
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